Proefnotities

Note di degustazione — Italiano

Italiaanse termen voor proeven en studie. Ook Engels. Uitleg in het Engels. Waar mogelijk gekoppeld aan het woordenboek.

A

abboccato

off-dry. somewhat sweet.

acciaio inossidabile

steel.

acerbo

unripe. green.

acidità

acidity.

acido

acid, especially acetico, lattico, malico, and tartarico.

acidulo

acidic. having excessive acidity.

acino

grape. berry.

affinamento

finishing. refinement.

agronomo

agronomist. an agricultural scientist.

alcol, alcool

alcohol, especially alcol etilico.

amabile

semisweet. demisec.

amaro

bitter. a bitter liqueur.

amarognolo

having a slightly bitter aftertaste.

ambra

amber.

ambrato

ambered. turning brown.

ampio

rich, complex, and balance.

anice

anise. licorice flavor.

anidride carbonica

carbon dioxide.

anidride solforosa

sulfur dioxide.

annata

vintage. year of harvest.

antociani

anthocyanins.

appassimento

the process of drying grapes.

armonico

harmonious. balanced. proportionate.

aromatico

aromatic. having a rich, usually floral, aroma.

arricchimento

enrichment. increasing the sugar content of grape must.

asciutto

bone dry.

assaggio

taste. sample.

assemblaggio

blending of wines.

autoclave

autoclave. pressurized tank.

autoctono

autochthonous. native to the place where it is growing. indigenous.

azienda agricola

wine estate. a farm that grows grapes and produces its own wine.

azienda vinicola

a winemaking firm that buys most or all of its grapes from growers.

B

bacca

grape. berry.

barile

small wine barrel, typically made of wood and holding about 50 liters.

bianco

white.

bicchiere

wineglass. drinking glass.

biodinamica

biodynamic.

biologica

organic.

bollicine

bubbles.

botrizzato

botrytized. affected by botrytis.

botte

wine barrel, normally made of wood and of any size but usually 200 liters or more.

bottiglia

bottle.

buccia d'uva

grape skin.

C

caldo

hot.

cannella

cinnamon.

cantina

cellar. winery.

cantina sociale

winery cooperative.

caratello

small wine barrel, typically made of wood and holding about 100 liters.

caratteristico

characteristic. appropriate for the named grape variety, region, or wine style.

cascina

farmhouse. rural wine estate.

castagno

chestnut tree or wood.

cavatappi

corkscrew.

cerasuolo

cherry red. also, a wine of that color.

chiaretto

claret. a color on the border between a deep rosato and a light red.

chiusura

closure.

classico

classic, often used in reference to a historic wine region or a traditional style.

colle

hill.

collina

small hill.

collo

neck.

colmatura

topping up.

colore

color.

confezionamento

packaging.

consorzio

consortium, especially of wine producers in a specific region.

consumatore

consumer.

consumo

consumption.

cooperativo

winery cooperative.

coppa

cup. goblet. wide-mouthed wineglass.

corpo

body.

corposo

full-bodied.

corto

short. having little persistence in the mouth.

cuoio

leather.

D

degustazione

tasting, especially a formal tasting to evaluate wine.

denominazione

denomination. appellation. place-name.

densità

density.

disciplinare

document that sets forth the rules and standards for wine production in a defined region.

distributore

distributor.

dolce

sweet.

dolcificazione

sweetening.

dorato

golden.

dosaggio

dosage. the liquid added to classic-method sparkling wine after disgorging for sweetening and topping up.

E

effervescenza

effervescence.

elaborazione

elaboration. processing . winemaking.

elegante

elegant.

enologia

enology. winemaking.

enologo

enologist. winemaker.

enoteca

wine shop. wine bar.

equilibrato

balanced.

erbaceo

herbaceous. vegetal.

estratto

extract. the components of a wine, apart from sugar, that would remain if all the liquid is evaporated.

etanolo

ethanol.

etichetta

label.

etichettatura

labeling.

ettaro

hectare.

ettolitro

hectoliter.

F

fattoria

farm. farmhouse. rural wine estate.

fecce, feccia

sediment from the winemaking process. dregs. lees.

fermentazione

fermentation.

fillossera

phylloxera root louse.

filtrato

filtered.

filtrazione

filtration.

fine

elegant and harmonious.

fiori

flowers.

floreale

floral. reminiscent of the aroma of flowers.

forzatura

forcing. strengthening. causing unnaturally vigorous growth in a vineyard.

fragrante

fragrant. perfumed. aromatic. fruity.

fresco

fresh. crisply acidic.

frizzante

effervescent. fizzy. exhibiting carbon dioxide bubbles in solution, but at a lower pressure than a fully sparkling wine.

frutta

fruit.

fruttato

fruity.

G

giallo

yellow.

giovane

young. lacking maturity.

gradazione alcolica

alcoholic content. equivalent to proof in the U.S.

granato

garnet.

grappa

spirit made by distilling grape pomace.

grappolo d'uva

grape bunch.

gusto

taste. flavor.

I

imballaggio

packing.

imbottigliamento

the bottling process.

imbottigliato

bottled.

impianto

planting. implantation.

importatore

importer.

intenso

intense.

invecchiamento

the aging process.

invecchiato

aged.

L

leggero

lightweight. low in alcohol.

legno

wood.

lieviti

yeast.

limpidezza

clarity.

liquoroso

fortified. with added alcohol.

lotta biologica

the vineyard pest control strategy of using only biological means to combat pests, rejecting all chemicals except copper and sulfur.

lotta guidata

literally, guided struggle or reasoned fight. the vineyard strategy of using chemicals only when damage from pests and disease is imminent, rather than proactively on a routine schedule.

lotta integrata

integrated pest management. the vineyard strategy of using biological and chemical means in a coordinated plan to combat pests.

M

macerazione

maceration.

macerazione carbonica

carbonic maceration.

maderizzato

maderized. oxidized.

malolattica

malolactic.

marchio

trademark. brand.

mattonato

brick red.

maturazione

maturation. aging.

maturo

mature.

metodo Charmat

the method of fermenting sparkling wine in pressurized tanks and then transferring the wine into bottles under pressure. also called metodo Martinotti.

metodo classico

the classic Champagne method of fermenting sparkling wine in the bottle in which it is sold.

metodo Martinotti

another name for metodo Charmat, especially in Piemonte.

metodo tradizionale

another name for metodo classico.

millesimato

vintage dated, usually referring to sparkling wine.

minerali

minerals.

monovitigno

varietal. a wine made from a single grape variety.

morbido

soft and balanced, with barely detectable sweetness and low to normal acidity.

mosto

grape must. juice for winemaking.

muffa nobile

noble rot. botrytis.

N

nero

black.

novello

new. a light-bodied red wine made for release soon after harvest.

O

odore

odor. aroma. smell.

ossidato

oxidized. having been adversely affected by contact with air.

ossidazione

oxidation.

P

paglierino

pale yellow. straw colored.

passito

wine made using partially dried grapes to increase the alcohol and/or sweetness level.

pergola

traditional high training of vines overhead.

persistente

having a prolonged finish.

pesante

heavy. overly alcoholic.

pieno

full. full-bodied. rich.

pigiatura

crushing. pressing.

podere

farm. rural wine estate.

polifenoli

polyphenols.

polpa

pulp. flesh.

porpora

purple. crimson.

potatura

pruning.

presa di spuma

the process of creating the second fermentation for sparkling wines.

prezzo

price.

produttore

producer.

profumo

perfume. aroma. nose.

provenienza

provenance. place of origin.

Q

qualità

quality.

quercia

oak.

R

raspo

stem . stalk.

resa

yield.

retrogusto

aftertaste.

rifermentazione

refermentation.

ripasso

literally, repassed. a wine whose alcoholic strength is increased and its complexity enhanced by combining it with the drained but still fermenting skins of a dried-grape wine to initiate a second fermentation.

riserva

reserve. a wine of longer aging and usually higher quality than the norm for that style.

robusto

robust. full-bodied.

rosato

rosy. a pink or rosé wine.

rosso

red.

rotondo

round. well-balanced with moderate acidity.

rubino

ruby.

S

sapido

sapid. flavorful. full-bodied.

sapore

flavor.

Satèn

a style of white sparkling wine made in Franciacorta.

sboccatura

disgorgement.

scelto

chosen. selected, referring to grape bunches or individual berries hand-harvested for quality.

secco

dry.

sesti

spacing. distances. density.

solfato

sulfate.

spuma

foam. effervescence.

spumante

sparkling.

struttura

structure.

sughero

cork.

suolo

soil.

superiore

superior. a wine of a somewhat higher standard—most commonly slightly riper grapes—than the norm for that style.

T

Talento

a collective brand name for a style of sparkling wine made by the metodo classico. using only Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, and/or Pinot Nero. with a minimum of 15 months' aging on the lees. and made in a brut or drier style.

tannico

tannic. rich in tannins.

tannino

tannin . astringent compounds primarily found in grape skins and wood.

tappatura

the corking process.

tappo

cork. closure. corked . affected by 2, 4, 6-trichloroanisole.

tappo a fungo

mushroom cork.

tappo a vite

screw cap.

tenuta

estate.

terreno

terrain. land. soil.

tipologia

type. style.

titolo alcolometrico volumico effettivo

actual alcoholic strength.

titolo alcolometrico volumico naturale

potential alcoholic strength before any enrichment.

titolo alcolometrico volumico potenziale

potential alcoholic strength. the actual alcoholic strength that would be achieved if all sugars were fully fermented.

tranquillo

still. not effervescent.

U

uva

grape.

uvaggio

blend of grapes.

V

vaniglia

vanilla.

varietà

variety.

vecchio

old.

vellutato

velvety. soft and smooth on the palate.

vendemmia

harvest.

vendemmia tardiva

late harvest.

vigna

vineyard.

vignaiolo

grape grower. vine dresser.

vigneto

vineyard, especially a large vineyard.

vin santo

literally, holy wine. a traditional wine style of Toscana characterized by an exceptionally long, slow fermentation of sweet juice from dried grapes in sealed barrels.

vinaccia, vinacce

pomace. marc.

vinacciolo

grapeseed.

vinificazione

vinification. winemaking.

vino

wine.

vinoso

vinous. grapey. fresh and fruity like a young wine.

viola, violetta

violet. purple.

vite

vine.

viticoltore

viticulturist. grape grower.

viticoltura

viticulture.

vitigno

grape variety.

vivace

lively. youthful, sometimes slightly effervescent.

Z

zuccheri residui

residual sugars.

zucchero

sugar.

Bron: tasting_notes/Tasting notes Italian.md. build_proefnotities.py